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The Silent Danger Inside the Mouth: Dental and Jaw Cysts
Cysts that form in the mouth, teeth, or jaw region are often asymptomatic at first but can gradually damage surrounding tissues as they grow. These cysts may develop around tooth roots, within the jawbone, or in soft tissues, leading to tooth loss, bone resorption, infections, or even jaw fractures if left untreated.
Cyst removal surgery involves the surgical cleaning and elimination of these harmful formations to protect oral health. With early diagnosis and proper treatment, patients can regain both a healthy and aesthetically balanced oral structure.
Radicular Cyst: The most common type, typically developing around the roots of decayed or dead teeth.
Dentigerous (Follicular) Cyst: Forms around unerupted (impacted) teeth.
Periodontal Cyst: Occurs in association with gum tissue.
Residual Cyst: Develops in the area where a tooth was previously extracted.
Keratocystic Cyst: A more aggressive type with a high recurrence risk.
While many cysts are discovered incidentally during routine X-rays, advanced cases can show symptoms such as:
Swelling in the tooth or jaw area
Hardness or palpable lump
Oral pain or sensitivity
Tooth displacement or loosening
Abscess or discharge formation
Facial asymmetry or swelling
Thinning of the jawbone
Treatment depends on the cyst’s type, size, and location:
Small Cysts:
Infected tissue is cleaned under local anesthesia, and the area is sterilized. The associated tooth may also be extracted if necessary.
Large Cysts:
A surgical incision is made, and the entire cyst wall is removed. Bone grafts may be applied to restore the jaw structure. The area is then sutured.
Cysts Around Impacted Teeth:
The cyst is removed together with the impacted tooth. These cases usually require longer surgery and recovery periods.
Take prescribed antibiotics and painkillers as directed.
Apply cold compresses within the first 24 hours to reduce swelling.
Avoid hot, hard, or irritating foods for 48 hours.
Refrain from smoking and alcohol consumption.
Maintain oral hygiene gently—do not brush the surgical site vigorously.
Stitches are usually removed after 7–10 days.
Attend all follow-up appointments as scheduled.
Bone resorption in the jaw
Tooth displacement or loss
Nerve damage and numbness
Facial deformities
Recurrent infections
Rarely, transformation into a tumor
Is cyst removal surgery painful?
No. It is performed under local anesthesia, so no pain is felt during the procedure. Mild pain or swelling afterward can be managed with medication.
Can cysts recur?
Yes, some types (such as keratocystic cysts) have a tendency to recur. Regular follow-ups are essential.
How long does recovery take?
Initial healing typically begins within 7–10 days, but larger cysts may require a longer recovery period.
Does bone regenerate after cyst removal?
Yes. In most cases, bone gradually regenerates, though bone grafting may be necessary for larger cavities.
Are all cysts surgically removed?
No. Small, inactive cysts may be monitored, but enlarging or infected cysts require surgical removal.